• Changing boot parameters on Debian standard ISO

    From Paul Duncan@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, May 31, 2026 17:50:01
    Hi,
    My 15 year old son has found an old 2011 iMac in the side of the road. Long story short is that the processor probably works, but we think the GPU is
    dead as we cannot get video out of the mini display port connector, or the screen.
    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following kernel parameters (set in grub.cfg).
    console=ttyUSB0,19200n8
    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how do
    I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?
    Thanks!
    Paul.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From didier gaumet@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, May 31, 2026 19:10:01
    Le 31/05/2026 … 17:46, Paul Duncan a ‚critÿ:
    Hi,

    My 15 year old son has found an old 2011 iMac in the side of the road.
    Long story short is that the processor probably works, but we think the
    GPU is dead as we cannot get video out of the mini display port
    connector, or the screen.

    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following
    kernel parameters (set in grub.cfg).

    ÿ ÿ console=ttyUSB0,19200n8

    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how
    do I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?

    Thanks!

    Paul.

    Hello,

    I don't think you need to do that: https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch05s01.en.html
    Chapter 5.1.5. The Boot Screen
    "[...]If you wish or need to add any boot parameters for either the
    installer or the kernel, press Tab (BIOS boot), or e then down arrow
    three times then end, to edit the ?linux? line of the boot entry (UEFI
    boot). This will bring the boot command for the selected menu entry and
    allow you to edit it to suit your needs. Note that the keyboard layout
    at this point is still QWERTY. The help screens (see below) list some
    common possible options. Press Enter (BIOS boot) or F10 (UEFI boot) to
    boot the installer with your options; pressing Esc will return you to
    the boot menu and undo any changes you made.[...]

    (you can use an Debian install media but I suppose a Debian live media
    would propose the same way of entering parameters)

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Robert Heller@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, May 31, 2026 19:30:01
    At Sun, 31 May 2026 19:03:38 +0200 didier gaumet <didier.gaumet@gmail.com> wrote:


    Le 31/05/2026 ?ÿ 17:46, Paul Duncan a ??crit?ÿ:
    Hi,

    My 15 year old son has found an old 2011 iMac in the side of the road. Long story short is that the processor probably works, but we think the GPU is dead as we cannot get video out of the mini display port
    connector, or the screen.

    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following
    kernel parameters (set in grub.cfg).

    ?ÿ ?ÿ console=ttyUSB0,19200n8

    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how do I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?

    Thanks!

    Paul.

    Hello,

    I don't think you need to do that: https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch05s01.en.html
    Chapter 5.1.5. The Boot Screen
    "[...]If you wish or need to add any boot parameters for either the installer or the kernel, press Tab (BIOS boot), or e then down arrow
    three times then end, to edit the ƒ??linuxƒ?? line of the boot entry (UEFI boot). This will bring the boot command for the selected menu entry and allow you to edit it to suit your needs. Note that the keyboard layout
    at this point is still QWERTY. The help screens (see below) list some
    common possible options. Press Enter (BIOS boot) or F10 (UEFI boot) to
    boot the installer with your options; pressing Esc will return you to
    the boot menu and undo any changes you made.[...]


    Note: this assumes that the keyboard & basic *graphics* screen works. If the graphics screen in tty mode does not work, you can't do this.

    I don't know if an iMac exposes a tty console port or even if the iMac motherboard even has a PC-style "bridge" chipset. (*PC* motherboarda have a bridge chip which contains basic I/O interfaces (IDE/SATA, serial, USB, floppy, etc.) following standard PC interface logic. I am not sure what Apple's x86 systems do exactly. It might be the same, but I am not sure.

    But yes, it is not really possible to edit and re-write the ISO. The ISO-9660 file system is read-only by design. If you change the GRUB configuration you need to re-create the ISO-9660 from scratch -- this is doable, but a non-trivial process.


    (you can use an Debian install media but I suppose a Debian live media
    would propose the same way of entering parameters)

    The OP is using a Debian install ISO.






    --
    Robert Heller -- Cell: 413-658-7953 GV: 978-633-5364
    Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
    http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
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    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Paul Duncan@3:633/10 to All on Monday, June 01, 2026 01:00:01
    Hi all!
    Thanks for all the replies. Very helpful. I now have an updated ISO burnt
    to the flash drive now.
    The challenge we have is flying blind and trying to work on the right key combination to get this machine to boot from the flash drive (without an
    Apple keyboard). We'll get there in the end. I hope!
    I also have to get hold of another USB serial port, but Amazon should help
    with that.
    I'll let you know how we get on.
    Thanks again for all the help.
    Paul.
    On Sun, May 31, 2026, 14:07 Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net> wrote:
    Hi,

    Paul Duncan wrote:
    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following kernel parameters (set in grub.cfg).
    console=ttyUSB0,19200n8

    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how
    do
    I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?

    After having copied /boot/grub/grub.cfg from the ISO to ./grub.cfg and
    having edited it, you could create a new ISO from the original one:

    orig_iso=debian-live-13.1.0-amd64-standard.iso
    new_iso=test.iso

    xorriso -indev "$orig_iso" -outdev "$new_iso" \
    -map ./grub.cfg /boot/grub/grub.cfg \
    -boot_image any replay \
    -compliance no_emul_toc -padding included

    See also

    https://wiki.debian.org/RepackBootableISO#In_xorriso_load_ISO_tree_and_write_modified_new_ISO

    (You are aware that "live-*-standard" offers no graphical desktop ?)

    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    For the more adventurous:

    Looking into /boot/grub/grub.cfg of
    debian-live-13.1.0-amd64-standard.iso it should be possible to patch
    the changed file into a copy of the Debian Live image.

    The following procedure is intended for a not mounted "$iso".

    Make a copy of the ISO as playground:

    iso=test.iso
    cp debian-live-13.1.0-amd64-standard.iso "$iso"

    Copy grub.cfg out of the ISO:

    xorriso -indev "$iso" -osirrox on -extract /boot/grub/grub.cfg grub.cfg

    chmod u+w grub.cfg

    Learn the size of grub.cfg

    ls -l grub.cfg

    (mine says 1709 bytes) and memorize it, because your editing will have
    to preserve exactly this size.

    Edit the copied file grub.cfg and insert the text pieces as needed.
    Remove exactly the same number of characters from the remark lines
    in the file in order to keep its size unchanged. Verify by ls -l.

    Learn the position of the file's content in the ISO:

    xorriso -indev "$iso" -find /boot/grub/grub.cfg -exec report_lba --

    which will report on stdout something like

    Report layout: xt , Startlba , Blocks , Filesize , ISO image path
    File data lba: 0 , 3285 , 1 , 1709 ,
    '/boot/grub/grub.cfg'

    Important is the number under "Startlba" (here: 3285). Multiply it by
    the ISO block size of 2048 to get 6727680.
    Now you can compose the dd run for putting your edited grub.cfg content
    into the ISO:

    dd if=grub.cfg of="$iso" conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=6727680 count=1709

    Mount the ISO and look into its /boot/grub/grub.cfg to verify that the
    new content is present.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    john doe wrote:
    I would start at https://wiki.debian.org/ManipulatingISOs#Remaster_an_Installation_Image

    This is about of the same age as the Mac, which would match.
    But the shown runs of genisoimage and xorriso deal with the ISOLINUX bootloader for Legacy BIOS, not with the GRUB bootloader for EFI.


    Have a nice day :)

    Thomas




    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeffrey Walton@3:633/10 to All on Monday, June 01, 2026 04:10:01
    On Sun, May 31, 2026 at 2:53?PM Paul Duncan <paul.d@soi-team.org> w
    rote:

    My 15 year old son has found an old 2011 iMac in the side of the road. Lo
    ng story short is that the processor probably works, but we think the GPU i
    s dead as we cannot get video out of the mini display port connector, or th
    e screen.

    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following kernel
    parameters (set in grub.cfg).

    console=ttyUSB0,19200n8

    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how
    do I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?

    I'm not sure about your technical problems. Usually you need a
    blessed Apple partition to boot an old Mac. I also seem to recall you
    may need to boot to a CD rather than a USB device on some models. I
    have a PowerMac G5 that needs to boot like that (CD instead of USB).

    But you will find the folks who keep the old PowerMac's alive at the debian-powerpc mailing list
    (<https://lists.debian.org/debian-powerpc/>). Many folks on the list
    are fanatics, and they can probably answer all your questions (and
    more).

    Jeff

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeffrey Walton@3:633/10 to All on Monday, June 01, 2026 12:50:01
    On Mon, Jun 1, 2026 at 6:18?AM Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net> w
    rote:

    some historical considerations:

    Jeffrey Walton wrote:
    you will find the folks who keep the old PowerMac's alive at the debian-powerpc mailing list
    (<https://lists.debian.org/debian-powerpc/>)

    In 2011 the Macs had Intel x86 CPUs. The PowerPC Mac era ended in 2006
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_Macintosh


    I'm not sure about your technical problems. Usually you need a
    blessed Apple partition to boot an old Mac.

    HFS/HFS+ blessing applies to files or directories, not to partitions.
    But indeed some x86 Macs seemed to need a HFS or HFS+ filesystem
    which had to be announced by an Apple Partition Map entry.

    One can see such a partition table in Debian amd64 ISOs where it marks
    the EFI partition with its FAT filesystem. It stems from Matthew
    Garret's work to get a bootable Fedora ISO for EFI and x86 Macs.
    https://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/11285.html
    But Debian never had a HFS+ filesystem image in its ISOs for which the
    APM would make sense.

    grub-mkrescue for x86 EFI still creates a HFS+ filesystem and marks it
    by an Apple Partition Map entry. But even GRUB's then developer
    Vladimir Serbinenko could not tell which x86 Mac generation needed HFS+
    for booting, when he submitted the HFS+ code for libisofs/xorriso.
    That was in 2012. So i assume that a 2011 Mac boots via EFI, not via
    HFS or HFS+.

    Oh man, I forgot all about the cutover from PowerPC to Intel Core
    cpu's around that time. Thanks for the additional information.

    Jeff

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Robert Heller@3:633/10 to All on Monday, June 01, 2026 14:00:01
    I have a macbook of 2012 (?) vintage, that will boot Mint from a USB drive. It does have a working version of MacOS install (10.15 I think). I think at some point Macs stopped being "fussy" about how they booted and became more like
    PCs in that they used "standard" BIOS/Boot logic.

    At Sun, 31 May 2026 22:01:37 -0400 noloader@gmail.com wrote:


    On Sun, May 31, 2026 at 2:53ƒ??PM Paul Duncan <paul.d@soi-team.org> wrote:

    My 15 year old son has found an old 2011 iMac in the side of the road. Long story short is that the processor probably works, but we think the GPU is dead as we cannot get video out of the mini display port connector, or the screen.

    So, I would like to boot from a Debian live ISO with the following kernel parameters (set in grub.cfg).

    console=ttyUSB0,19200n8

    Now, I can mount up the ISO in loop mode, and get into grub.cfg, but how do I write this back to the ISO so that I can put in on a USB flash drive?

    I'm not sure about your technical problems. Usually you need a
    blessed Apple partition to boot an old Mac. I also seem to recall you
    may need to boot to a CD rather than a USB device on some models. I
    have a PowerMac G5 that needs to boot like that (CD instead of USB).

    But you will find the folks who keep the old PowerMac's alive at the debian-powerpc mailing list
    (<https://lists.debian.org/debian-powerpc/>). Many folks on the list
    are fanatics, and they can probably answer all your questions (and
    more).

    Jeff




    --
    Robert Heller -- Cell: 413-658-7953 GV: 978-633-5364
    Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
    http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
    heller@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.15
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)