• TDR

    From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 18:07:11
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeroen Belleman@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 19:51:18
    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Phil Hobbs@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 17:56:28
    Cursitor Doom <cd@notformail.com> wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?


    Sure. Several Tek SD-24s and an 11801C mainframe (our 11802 is still sick).


    We also license a low cost, miniature, sub-100ps TDR of our own.

    TDR gives you good info on the nearest discontinuity and less good info on succeeding ones. (How much less depends on what the nearby one does to the pulse edge.)

    Cheers

    Phil Hobbs

    --
    Dr Philip C D Hobbs Principal Consultant ElectroOptical Innovations LLC / Hobbs ElectroOptics Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John R Walliker@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 19:53:17
    On 24/07/2026 18:51, Jeroen Belleman wrote:
    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration˙ to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics. I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range. The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses. The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method. In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.
    I think this maps fairly directly to the VNA vs TDR question.
    John


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From joegwinn@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 14:56:19
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 20:59:02
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 14:56:19 -0400, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe

    Yeah, I wasn't trying to imply that these two pieces of test equipment
    could be used the 'other way round' as it were. It would never occur
    to me to ever try using a VNA for DTF type measurments.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From JM@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 21:00:00
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 14:56:19 -0400, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    No

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 21:04:01
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:53:17 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics. I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range. The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses. The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method. In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.

    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular
    and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not
    remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 21:05:09
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:56:28 -0000 (UTC), Phil Hobbs <pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

    Cursitor Doom <cd@notformail.com> wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?


    Sure. Several Tek SD-24s and an 11801C mainframe (our 11802 is still sick).


    We also license a low cost, miniature, sub-100ps TDR of our own.

    TDR gives you good info on the nearest discontinuity and less good info on >succeeding ones. (How much less depends on what the nearby one does to the >pulse edge.)

    Cheers

    Phil Hobbs

    This is well worth a read, Phil:

    https://ia800802.us.archive.org/10/items/hp_journal_1964-02/hp_journal_1964-02.pdf

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John R Walliker@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 21:37:36
    On 24/07/2026 21:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:53:17 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics. I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range. The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses. The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method. In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.

    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular
    and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    About 3kV at over 1kA. It was a large photoflash capacitor about
    the size of a shoe box with oil impregnated paper dielectric
    salvaged from a huge ruby laser power supply.
    It could be completely discharged in about 10us. I built a 3-electrode triggered spark gap with tungsten rod electrodes which eroded fairly
    quickly. Two electrodes were connected to the terminals of the
    capacitor with short brass rods and the third was connected to a
    motorcycle ignition coil with a thyristor capacitor discharge to
    ionise the main gap.
    The sound level was measured with a Bruel & Kjaer peak holding sound
    level meter using a half inch microphone.
    Thinking back, it was probably only 120dB to 130dB spl pk at 3m.
    Still VERY loud.
    John


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeroen Belleman@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 23:17:16
    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused
    of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find
    it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Jeroen Belleman

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From joegwinn@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 17:29:05
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused >>>> of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of
    the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast
    'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might
    be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find >>>> it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Friday, July 24, 2026 22:46:11
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 21:37:36 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 21:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:53:17 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics. I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range. The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses. The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method. In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.

    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular
    and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not
    remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    About 3kV at over 1kA. It was a large photoflash capacitor about
    the size of a shoe box with oil impregnated paper dielectric
    salvaged from a huge ruby laser power supply.
    It could be completely discharged in about 10us. I built a 3-electrode >triggered spark gap with tungsten rod electrodes which eroded fairly
    quickly. Two electrodes were connected to the terminals of the
    capacitor with short brass rods and the third was connected to a
    motorcycle ignition coil with a thyristor capacitor discharge to
    ionise the main gap.
    The sound level was measured with a Bruel & Kjaer peak holding sound
    level meter using a half inch microphone.
    Thinking back, it was probably only 120dB to 130dB spl pk at 3m.
    Still VERY loud.
    John

    Very interesting; many thanks.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeroen Belleman@3:633/10 to All on Saturday, July 25, 2026 00:07:40
    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they
    were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused >>>>> of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave
    Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for
    identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of >>>>> the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast >>>>> 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might >>>>> be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find >>>>> it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has
    a wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also
    did the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven
    by a VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow,
    especially when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeff Layman@3:633/10 to All on Saturday, July 25, 2026 08:41:32
    On 24/07/2026 22:46, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 21:37:36 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 21:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:53:17 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics. I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range. The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses. The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method. In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.

    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular
    and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not
    remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    About 3kV at over 1kA. It was a large photoflash capacitor about
    the size of a shoe box with oil impregnated paper dielectric
    salvaged from a huge ruby laser power supply.
    It could be completely discharged in about 10us. I built a 3-electrode
    triggered spark gap with tungsten rod electrodes which eroded fairly
    quickly. Two electrodes were connected to the terminals of the
    capacitor with short brass rods and the third was connected to a
    motorcycle ignition coil with a thyristor capacitor discharge to
    ionise the main gap.
    The sound level was measured with a Bruel & Kjaer peak holding sound
    level meter using a half inch microphone.
    Thinking back, it was probably only 120dB to 130dB spl pk at 3m.
    Still VERY loud.
    John

    Very interesting; many thanks.

    In the early 60s our school's "Scientific Society" used to visit
    interesting establishments (such as the NPL). One such place was (I
    think, but it was well over 60 years ago), to Queen Mary College in East London to its Electrical Engineering department. They tested insulators, lightning conductor design, and related materials. They had a
    Cockcroft-Walton generator feeding a bank of capacitors. When fully
    charged, 2MV was available (if memory serves me correctly), at goodness
    knows what current. It jumped a foot or two without problem when discharged.

    Standing barely 50 feet away, in a room with smooth, reflective
    surfaces, I can still remember my ears ringing for many minutes after
    the "lightning conductor" test! In those days there was no elf'n'safety
    ear protection...

    --
    Jeff

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John R Walliker@3:633/10 to All on Saturday, July 25, 2026 10:43:21
    On 25/07/2026 08:41, Jeff Layman wrote:
    On 24/07/2026 22:46, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 21:37:36 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 21:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:53:17 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    A long time ago I was helping with the measurement of concert
    hall acoustics.˙ I made a very powerful portable spark
    generator which produced peak sound pressure levels of
    around 140dB spl at 3m range.˙ The impulse response of
    the hall was recorded with a high quality cassette recorder.
    The results were disappointing, even with averaging of
    hundreds of impulses.˙ The problem was that a huge dynamic range
    was needed with this method.˙ In contrast, playing a pseudo-
    random noise signal made much better use of the available
    dynamic range.

    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular >>>> and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not
    remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    About 3kV at over 1kA.˙ It was a large photoflash capacitor about
    the size of a shoe box with oil impregnated paper dielectric
    salvaged from a huge ruby laser power supply.
    It could be completely discharged in about 10us.˙ I built a 3-electrode
    triggered spark gap with tungsten rod electrodes which eroded fairly
    quickly.˙ Two electrodes were connected to the terminals of the
    capacitor with short brass rods and the third was connected to a
    motorcycle ignition coil with a thyristor capacitor discharge to
    ionise the main gap.
    The sound level was measured with a Bruel & Kjaer peak holding sound
    level meter using a half inch microphone.
    Thinking back, it was probably only 120dB to 130dB spl pk at 3m.
    Still VERY loud.
    John

    Very interesting; many thanks.

    In the early 60s our school's "Scientific Society" used to visit
    interesting establishments (such as the NPL). One such place was (I
    think, but it was well over 60 years ago), to Queen Mary College in East London to its Electrical Engineering department. They tested insulators, lightning conductor design, and related materials. They had a Cockcroft- Walton generator feeding a bank of capacitors. When fully charged, 2MV
    was available (if memory serves me correctly), at goodness knows what current. It jumped a foot or two without problem when discharged.

    Standing barely 50 feet away, in a room with smooth, reflective
    surfaces, I can still remember my ears ringing for many minutes after
    the "lightning conductor" test! In those days there was no elf'n'safety
    ear protection...

    I had a school trip to QMC as well. There was also a very large 1MV
    Marx generator at the Lpndon Science Museum. Visitors of a nervous
    disposition were advised to keep away when it was fired.
    Another spectacularly noisy demonstration was a hypersonic wind tunnel,
    at NPL in Teddington.
    A colleague once visited an establishment equipped with a flash
    X-ray generator which produced such short and high energy pulses
    that it could image the detonation of artillery shells as they
    impacted a target.
    John


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From joegwinn@3:633/10 to All on Saturday, July 25, 2026 09:38:56
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:07:40 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they >>>>>> were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused >>>>>> of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave >>>>>> Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for >>>>>> identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of >>>>>> the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast >>>>>> 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might >>>>>> be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find >>>>>> it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz, >>>> so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has
    a wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also
    did the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more >laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven
    by a VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow,
    especially when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    Hmm. I wonder how fast a modern Rohde-Schwarz VNA can do this. They
    are quite expensive, and likely among the best one can buy.

    Joe

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Simon Simple@3:633/10 to All on Saturday, July 25, 2026 16:20:50
    On 24/07/2026 21:37, John R Walliker wrote:
    On 24/07/2026 21:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:

    <xxxx>


    Okay - now you've got me intrigued. I have a spark generator here
    which I keep unassembled unless needed. It provides pretty spectacular
    and intimidating 60kV sparks with an alarmingly loud crackle. But not
    remotely as noisy as yours. I have to ask - what the hell kind of
    voltage were you generating??

    About 3kV at over 1kA.
    When I was younger (when wasn't I?) I worked for a geophysical outfit.
    We'd often do inshore marine surveys.

    There were two big 19" rack boxes, maybe 500mm high. One contained a
    very large transformer to convert 240Vac to 5kV IIRC and the other box contained a whole load of brick-sized oil filled paper capacitors and a
    spark gap, triggered by an insulated tungsten wire.

    One of the boxes also had a bridge rectifier and the whole lot was
    powered from a big petrol generator.

    There were two methods. One was to use a 'sparker' trailing behind the
    boat, and the other was a 'boomer' comprising two separated aluminium
    disks. Christ it was dangerous. The gear was old, the boats were just
    trawlers or similar and the sea is wet.

    --
    SS



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, July 26, 2026 09:04:17
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:07:40 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they >>>>>> were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused >>>>>> of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave >>>>>> Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for >>>>>> identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of >>>>>> the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast >>>>>> 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might >>>>>> be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find >>>>>> it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz, >>>> so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has
    a wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also
    did the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more >laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven
    by a VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow,
    especially when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    Interesting. I have the 'C' suffix version of your VNA. Can you tell
    me whereabouts the fourier transforms options are to be found buried
    in the menu options? I've never come across them. Might not be in
    exactly the same place, but shouldn't be too far removed....

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jeroen Belleman@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, July 26, 2026 10:41:38
    On 7/26/26 10:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:07:40 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed they >>>>>>> were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was disabused >>>>>>> of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's Planar Microwave >>>>>>> Engineering, in which it was stated that they can also be used for >>>>>>> identifying the value of caps and inductors by means of the shape of >>>>>>> the reflection and doing a bit of integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not
    possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a fast >>>>>>> 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I was
    wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone TDR might >>>>>>> be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and find >>>>>>> it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than that.
    However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements
    and you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to
    the other after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA
    measurements followed by an inverse Fourier transform were
    superior in terms of S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which
    have a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a
    lot of patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few MHz, >>>>> so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the
    full sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only
    the reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a
    TDR. The nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the
    reflection will start exactly at time zero and many setup
    parasitics are suppressed.

    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with
    S11 data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has
    a wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also
    did the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more
    laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven
    by a VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow,
    especially when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    Interesting. I have the 'C' suffix version of your VNA. Can you tell
    me whereabouts the fourier transforms options are to be found buried
    in the menu options? I've never come across them. Might not be in
    exactly the same place, but shouldn't be too far removed....

    It's an option. If you have it, there should be a 'TRANSFORM MENU'
    item on the screen after pushing the "SYSTEM' button.

    Jeroen Belleman

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Glen Walpert@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, July 26, 2026 11:35:16
    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 10:41:38 +0200, Jeroen Belleman wrote:

    On 7/26/26 10:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:07:40 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed
    they were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was >>>>>>>> disabused of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's
    Planar Microwave Engineering, in which it was stated that they >>>>>>>> can also be used for identifying the value of caps and inductors >>>>>>>> by means of the shape of the reflection and doing a bit of
    integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not >>>>>>>> possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a >>>>>>>> fast 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I >>>>>>>> was wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone >>>>>>>> TDR might be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and >>>>>>>> find it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than >>>>>>>> that. However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements and >>>>>>> you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to the other >>>>>>> after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA measurements >>>>>>> followed by an inverse Fourier transform were superior in terms of >>>>>>> S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which have >>>>>>> a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a lot of >>>>>>> patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few
    MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the full
    sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only the
    reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a TDR. The
    nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the reflection will
    start exactly at time zero and many setup parasitics are suppressed. >>>>>
    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with S11
    data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has a
    wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also did
    the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more
    laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven by a
    VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow, especially
    when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    Interesting. I have the 'C' suffix version of your VNA. Can you tell me
    whereabouts the fourier transforms options are to be found buried in
    the menu options? I've never come across them. Might not be in exactly
    the same place, but shouldn't be too far removed....

    It's an option. If you have it, there should be a 'TRANSFORM MENU'
    item on the screen after pushing the "SYSTEM' button.

    Jeroen Belleman


    If you don't have the option installed, it looks like you can install it
    for free:

    <https://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/Everything-you-wanted-to-know-about- the-HP-8753-VNA/>



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.19
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Cursitor Doom@3:633/10 to All on Sunday, July 26, 2026 13:29:28
    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 11:35:16 GMT, Glen Walpert <nospam@null.void>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 10:41:38 +0200, Jeroen Belleman wrote:

    On 7/26/26 10:04, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:07:40 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 23:29, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 23:17:16 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 20:56, joegwinn@comcast.net wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 19:51:18 +0200, Jeroen Belleman
    <jeroen@nospam.please> wrote:

    On 7/24/26 19:07, Cursitor Doom wrote:
    Gentlemen,

    Does anyone here have a dedicated TDR? I'd previously assumed >>>>>>>>> they were only good for 'distance to fault' applications, but was >>>>>>>>> disabused of my ignorance during a recent read of Tom Lee's
    Planar Microwave Engineering, in which it was stated that they >>>>>>>>> can also be used for identifying the value of caps and inductors >>>>>>>>> by means of the shape of the reflection and doing a bit of
    integration to it.
    A TDR is one of the vanishingly few items of test gear I do not >>>>>>>>> possess. I have a 50ps pulse generator which can be used with a >>>>>>>>> fast 'scope to achieve a certain amount of functionality, but I >>>>>>>>> was wondering how much more useful and versatile a stand-alone >>>>>>>>> TDR might be.
    I use a VNA for determining the value of small caps and coils and >>>>>>>>> find it hard to believe any TDR could give better results than >>>>>>>>> that. However, once again I could be wrong. Info, anyone?

    I've done both frequency domain and time domain measurements and >>>>>>>> you can easily use Fourier transforms to get from one to the other >>>>>>>> after the fact. Invariably, I found that HP8753D VNA measurements >>>>>>>> followed by an inverse Fourier transform were superior in terms of >>>>>>>> S/N.

    My TDR was a Tektronix S-6 sampler and an S-52 pulser, which have >>>>>>>> a slight edge in terms of bandwidth. If I averaged >10k
    measurments, the S/N approached that of the HP8753D, but a lot of >>>>>>>> patience was needed.

    In the end, sometimes one is better, sometimes the other.

    Jeroen Belleman

    To this I would add one comment:

    VNAs have fairly narrow Receive and Video Bandwidths, often a few >>>>>>> MHz,
    so the smallest discontinuity must be tens of meters long.

    By contrast, a TDR has a bandwidth in the GHz, so far shorter
    discontinuities may be detected.

    Joe


    No, no, it doesn't work like that. You use the VNA to acquire the
    S11 frequency response over its full bandwidth. You then apply an
    inverse Fourier transform to the complex S11 frequency data to
    obtain the impulse response. Then you apply a time integration to
    finally get the TDR plot with an equivalent bandwidth of the full
    sweep of the VNA.

    Note that the VNA has a directional coupler, so you'll get only the >>>>>> reflection, not the incident *plus* the reflection like a TDR. The >>>>>> nice thing is that with proper VNA calibration, the reflection will >>>>>> start exactly at time zero and many setup parasitics are suppressed. >>>>>>
    I could resolve centimeter-sized discontinuities with ease with S11 >>>>>> data from the HP8753D sweeping up to 6GHz.

    Hmm. The people I was watching were not doing anything like the
    above. How long does data collection take? TDRs are fast.

    Joe

    The VNA sweeps the whole range in a second or so. The HP5387D has a
    wimpy CPU, so it takes a few seconds to do the transform. I also did
    the transform after transferring the data to my PC, which is more
    laborious, but the actual transform is then basically instantaneous.
    (I did not time it.)

    My TDR was a Tektronix 7904, with 7T11 and 7S11 plug-ins driven by a
    VME DAC and read out with a VME ADC. That was pretty slow, especially
    when I averaged measurements to improve the S/N.

    Jeroen Belleman

    Interesting. I have the 'C' suffix version of your VNA. Can you tell me
    whereabouts the fourier transforms options are to be found buried in
    the menu options? I've never come across them. Might not be in exactly
    the same place, but shouldn't be too far removed....

    It's an option. If you have it, there should be a 'TRANSFORM MENU'
    item on the screen after pushing the "SYSTEM' button.

    Jeroen Belleman


    If you don't have the option installed, it looks like you can install it
    for free:

    <https://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/Everything-you-wanted-to-know-about- >the-HP-8753-VNA/>


    Thanks. I know there are some codes you can input to unlock the range
    and take it from 3Ghz up to 6. However, the matching S parameter test
    set still tops out at 3 and there's no way to expand it.

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    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)